Tuesday, March 5, 2013

Computer Forensics Examiners

Computer forensics examiners are professionals who use analytical and investigative techniques to provide digital evidence for a specific or general activity.

The International Society of Forensic Computer Examiners provides the Certified Computer Examiner (CCE) certification for individuals who are interested in making a career in the field of Computer forensics.

The CCE certification is provided with an intention to professionalize and further the field and science of computer forensics. The CCE certification provides a fair, uncompromised process for certifying the capability of forensic computer examiners. This certification is universally recognized, which helps in setting high and ethical forensic standards for forensic computer examiners.

Computer Forensics Examiners

CCE certification is only given to individuals with no criminal record. Examiners are certified only after they pass online exams and successfully perform actual forensic examinations on three test medias. The certified examiner must adhere to the ISFCE code of ethical standards and professional responsibilities.

Before trying for certification, it is recommended that one has a proper understanding of basic rules of evidence, as they are related to the seizure or acquisition of magnetic media, handling, marking and storage of electronic evidence, the ?chain of custody? and the ?right to privacy.?

Computer examiners are trained in proper evidence handling and documentation. With a logical thought process and investigative instincts, these individuals are able to operate at a totally professional level.

People with a military background, government or former law enforcement officers have a chance to be successful computer forensic examiners, as they already have developed a fine investigative instinct.

Certified Computer forensic examiners are held in high regard. This is because an increasing number of companies and government agencies need them.

CCE certification is becoming a valuable credential for computer forensic examiners. Unfortunately a number of computer forensic examiners have false certification, so it is advisable to beware of examiners whose credibility can always be challenged.

Computer Forensics Examiners
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Monday, February 25, 2013

Definition of Forensic Science

Forensics is a field of science dedicated to the methodical gathering and analysis of evidence to establish facts that can be presented in a legal proceeding. Though crime scenes and laboratories are perhaps, most often associated with forensics, there is also computer or network forensics, forensic accounting, forensic engineering and forensic psychiatry, among other specialized fields that are today an integral part of forensics. In the United States of America, forensics was a fairly obscure topic for the general public until the double-murder trial of Orenthal James Simpson in 1995. In the historic case that gripped the entire nation, weeks of testimony were heard on DNA blood evidence, shoeprint evidence, fiber evidence and other forensics. Since then, a bevy of forensics-based television shows have regularly topped the ratings, making it a household word.

Those who collect forensic evidence must follow strict procedures to protect the evidence from getting contaminated or destroyed, and must preserve the chain of custody. Since science is unbiased and sound, forensics is considered a very critical part of any investigation. While witnesses may often be mistaken, have credibility issues, hold a stake in the outcome, have fading memories, or even pass away, forensics "tells the same story" no matter how many times it is tested, or how many years have passed.

The field of forensics is so vast that it requires specialists or criminalists at every point of investigation, from tire track analysis, to odontology, to the lands and grooves that make every gun barrel unique. From microscopic evidence and transfer evidence such as fibers and hair, to blood splatter and forensic entomology, there are many fields of specialization within forensic science.

Definition of Forensic Science

Though forensics deals with circumstantial evidence, it is often widely considered as the best and the most compelling evidence that any prosecution or defense lawyer can have in his or her arsenal. Some people suggest that the public's awareness of forensic science might be potentially compromising to law enforcement, producing educated criminals who might be more apt to try and effect a clean crime scene. Experts generally tend to believe that it is nearly impossible to avoid leaving behind trace evidence at a crime scene, even when extraordinary efforts are made to the contrary.

Definition of Forensic Science
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Wednesday, February 6, 2013

Computer Forensics 5-Year Outlook - Does it Make Sense For You?

The field of computer forensics is growing rapidly and for someone who is looking to get into this industry and make a career of it, there is quite a bit of upward mobility, not just in law enforcement, but in Corporate America as well. Right now there is a shortage of such professionals and it is a growing field. Gaining the knowledge needed to become proficient is not a walk in the park, but well worth the effort.

The Department of Homeland Security is in need of all the computer forensic specialists they can hire. And you'll need knowledge of anti-hacking defense, cyber crime fighting and investigating cyber crime; even international terrorism. Interestingly, enough there are some universities that offer degrees in Computer Forensics, of course first you will need a computer science degree and it helps to have a good background in criminal justice.

Best of all the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics puts an average salary of a computer forensics/information security professional at ,000 per year and that's not too bad, as that is just the average. Currently, the statistics also indicate that this industry sector will be very strong all the way through 2015. And each time the hackers get better, the value of a knowledgeable computer forensic specialist goes up.

Computer Forensics 5-Year Outlook - Does it Make Sense For You?

Indeed, our nation's military is also concerned that foreign militaries will attack our IT infrastructure and it is paramount that we defend it and know where the attacks are coming from. We must protect our information infrastructure and the flow of reliable data. Please consider all this.

Computer Forensics 5-Year Outlook - Does it Make Sense For You?
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Sunday, February 3, 2013

What Are the Key Differences Between Forensic Accounting and Traditional Accounting?

Here're some of the best known differences between a Forensic accounting and Traditional Accounting in a glance;

1. A very obvious and discrete key difference which one can identify between a traditional auditor VS a forensic accountant is that :
The former is someone who checks the math accuracy in the accounting department while the latter is someone whom are looking behind these financial numbers find out what's not quite right.

2. The second differentiation is the "investigative intuition".
Intuition refers to the gut instinct which one may have to guide you to the appropriate direction as of where your investigation should start from. This is not text book earned, but rather something which can be earned through massive experiences. Most of the time, no investigation intuition is found nor required in the traditional accounting scope.

What Are the Key Differences Between Forensic Accounting and Traditional Accounting?

3. Traditional auditing is a process of auditing others' work to determine if they have followed the documented official policies, procedures and practices of the company. The determination is based on evidence. It is a matter of fact and not merely a matter of opinion. This kind of audits is required by financial intermediaries and the government depending on circumstances.

4. Traditional auditing focus on error identification and prevention. Prevention is the result of an effective internal control system. The auditor reviews the effectiveness of the internal control system by sampling transactions of some agreeable percentage. Materiality is the accounting way of designating the importance of a transaction or an event.

5. Traditional Auditors use statistics to determine the probability that material errors will or will not be identified and the possibility of its happening. This is a concern since only a sample of transactions and events will be reviewed. The system of internal control is evaluated. It is argued that If the internal control system is deemed to be highly effective, then material errors are not probable.

6. Traditional auditors typically adhere to the generally accepted auditing standards (GAAS) as promulgated by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB). External auditors are typically reviewing whether an organization is following GAAP. GAAP are promulgated by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) .This denotes that means that auditors are affected by all three of these organizations and must stay current with old, new and changing standards and principles issued by all three of these organizations.

7. Instead, forensic accountants use physical evidence, testimonial evidence, documentary evidence and demonstrative evidence to help identifying suspect and culprits.

8. For Forensic Accounting, any type of evidence can be used as information, be it documentary paper, a computer video or audio. However, it requires an expert to interpret the evidence and present it. Demonstrative evidence is not actual evidence. It is just an aid to understanding just like a model of a body part or pictures or other devices are used to help clarify the facts.

9. Forensic Accountant is often asked to serve as an expert witness for a lawsuit or criminal case in a court, the forensic accountant needs to have applied reliable principles and methods to sufficient facts or data. The expert witness is a recognized specialist relative to the principles and methods applied to the sufficient facts or data.

10. A forensic accountant typically need to possess the expertise and skills in these 2 fields : Private investigator and Accountings are what specifically required to be a great forensic accountant. On the other hand, there is no such requirement in the traditional accounting space.

What Are the Key Differences Between Forensic Accounting and Traditional Accounting?
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Tuesday, January 29, 2013

Computer History and Impact of Computers to the World

Personal computers have completely revolutionized the way the world, lives, works and conducts business. Strictly-speaking, computers arrived on the scene way back in 1936 when one Konrad Zuse produced what was then called the Z1 computer. This was a cumbersome machine that could perform simple calculations and also crunch simple data. This was not as sophisticated as what we have today but it served to set the foundation for further research and in 1944, John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry from Iowa University built on this model and produced several innovations of the computer which was capable of producing arithmetic calculations, parallel [processing, memory regeneration and other simple computing tasks. The research was taken further at Harvard University, then IBM, the business conglomerate joined the fray and in 1953 produced what was then the world's first sophisticated computer. Even then, it was still large, occupying entire floors and consuming untold power.

As we have mentioned, computers have completely changed the way we live and work. Today, computers are in almost every office. There are still offices in some parts of the world which still don't have computers but this is now rare because without computers, work is inefficient and cumbersome. Take for instance calculations. It would take days for companies to do simple calculations not to mention companies that deal with lots of material and inventory. Computers make this work simple and allow businesses to become more efficient on a day to day basis.

Another use of computers is communication. With computers has come the wondrous world of the Internet or what is called in other circles, the World Wide Web or Information Superhighway. As much as computer has changed the way we work, they have also revolutionized the way we communicate. The term "the world is a smaller place" or phrases like "global market place". This is because the Internet has made communication so easy and seamless that there has people can communicate instantaneously regardless of what part of the globe they are located. The world of email, although it hasn't completely resulted in the eradication of snail mail, has nevertheless caused a decline in visits to the post office or the purchase of stamps. All this is because people now sit behind a computer and email back and forth. To go even further, specialized Internet software run by many major companies such as Microsoft, Yahoo and Google has made it possible to chat in real time with someone on the other side of the globe. Video conferencing has also been made possible. This has completely changed the way we conduct meetings. Businesses can now even open branches in other countries faster because the top level management can communicate with lower management via video conferencing. People can actually see each other regardless of where they are located and all this is courtesy of the advent of computers and the Internet. Computers have evolved a lot since and are now in almost half of all US households and most offices in the rest of the world.

Computer History and Impact of Computers to the World
Computer History and Impact of Computers to the World
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Friday, January 25, 2013

Definition of Forensic Science

Forensics is a field of science dedicated to the methodical gathering and analysis of evidence to establish facts that can be presented in a legal proceeding. Though crime scenes and laboratories are perhaps, most often associated with forensics, there is also computer or network forensics, forensic accounting, forensic engineering and forensic psychiatry, among other specialized fields that are today an integral part of forensics. In the United States of America, forensics was a fairly obscure topic for the general public until the double-murder trial of Orenthal James Simpson in 1995. In the historic case that gripped the entire nation, weeks of testimony were heard on DNA blood evidence, shoeprint evidence, fiber evidence and other forensics. Since then, a bevy of forensics-based television shows have regularly topped the ratings, making it a household word.

Those who collect forensic evidence must follow strict procedures to protect the evidence from getting contaminated or destroyed, and must preserve the chain of custody. Since science is unbiased and sound, forensics is considered a very critical part of any investigation. While witnesses may often be mistaken, have credibility issues, hold a stake in the outcome, have fading memories, or even pass away, forensics "tells the same story" no matter how many times it is tested, or how many years have passed.

The field of forensics is so vast that it requires specialists or criminalists at every point of investigation, from tire track analysis, to odontology, to the lands and grooves that make every gun barrel unique. From microscopic evidence and transfer evidence such as fibers and hair, to blood splatter and forensic entomology, there are many fields of specialization within forensic science.

Definition of Forensic Science

Though forensics deals with circumstantial evidence, it is often widely considered as the best and the most compelling evidence that any prosecution or defense lawyer can have in his or her arsenal. Some people suggest that the public's awareness of forensic science might be potentially compromising to law enforcement, producing educated criminals who might be more apt to try and effect a clean crime scene. Experts generally tend to believe that it is nearly impossible to avoid leaving behind trace evidence at a crime scene, even when extraordinary efforts are made to the contrary.

Definition of Forensic Science
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Tuesday, January 22, 2013

Computer Forensics Software

Computer forensics software programs are used to detect computer frauds, crimes, etc., automatically, without retaining the services of a computer forensic specialist. Software solution processes detect operations done on a computer illegally or without authorization.

The detection by these tools or software is documented and produced in a court of law.

A number of companies such as AccessData and WetStone are developing applications that automatically generate forensic responses, eliminating the services of a computer forensic specialist. By installing such software, a lot of expenditure can be eliminated.

Computer Forensics Software

It is only when the software fails or finds itself inadequate that computer forensics consultants are called in. The latest developments indicate that software solutions for computer frauds and crimes are turning effective.

These software programs promise to manage everything from copying hard disks to evaluating evidence. Most of them cost around ,000 per license so that anyone with security concerns can purchase them and get them installed without any hassle.

Utah-based AccessData has released a forensic tool kit to complement a previously limited consulting business. WetStone Technologies uses software for helping companies address steganography, the process by which nefarious employees encrypt and embed data within e-mail attachments. X-Ways Forensics, the forensic edition of Winhex, has software solutions galore with forensic features.

There are hundreds of other software kits that are continuously updating, with the incidence of sharper cyber-specific crimes. Such software can natively interpret and show the directory structure and mismanagement of the system, with recovery facilities.

These are pro-active software solutions that can detect unauthorized operations as and when these are done.

There are also numerous software suites that will go after specific instances of wrong-doing. Guidance Software sticks to software applications. Its flagship product, EnCase, is marketed as a full-service forensic tool. With the development of more and more software solutions, computer criminals are also catching up.

Computer criminals enabled with a new wave of tools and techniques can easily crack into corporate networks. As a result, the computer crime graph is going to peak. The Committee of Experts on Crime in Cyber-Space, an international coalition, has called for a treaty for increased computer surveillance for law enforcement officials around the world.

Computer Forensics Software
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